“When an old and distinguished person speaks to you, listen carefully and with respect – but do not believe him. Never put your trust in anything but your own intellect. Your elder, no matter whether he has gray hair or has lost his hair, no matter whether he is a Nobel laureate, may be wrong.  The world progresses, year by year, century by century, as the members of the younger generation find out what was wrong among the things that their elders said.  So you must always be skeptical – always think for yourself. There are, of course, exceptional circumstances: when you are taking an examination, it is smart to answer the questions not by saying what you think is right, but rather what you think the professor thinks is right.”

– Linus Pauling (1901-1994), Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1954, Nobel Peace Prize 1962